Difference between revisions of "Users Passwords"

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<font color="red" size="+1">This page is beign temporarily revised with the newest updates.</font>
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Permission or access rights can be specified between users and groups of users. This permission controls the ability of the users to view, change, navigate, and execute the contents of the file system.  
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Permissions or access rights can be specific between users and groups of users. These permissions control the ability of the users to view, change, navigate, and execute the contents of the file system.  
 
  
 
= Default Access Details =
 
= Default Access Details =
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The IPLOG unit use the same access details (Username and Password) for the '''WEB''' and '''SSH''' (BASH) too.
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The IPLOG unit use the same access details (Username and Password) for the '''WEB''' and '''SSH''' (BASH) as well.
  
  
 
'''Username:''' root
 
'''Username:''' root
  
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'''Password:''' Clean, the default is without password!
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'''Password:''' ...... Clean, the default is without password!
  
  
  
 
= BASH =
 
= BASH =
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For remote connection IPLOG-GAMA supports SSH protocol or a local connection is possible via USB console. 
 +
  
 
== Change Password ==
 
== Change Password ==
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The '''root''' user has permission to create a new user, grant permissions or change password.
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The '''root''' user has permission to create a new user, grant permission or change a password.
  
 
==== 1. Login ====  
 
==== 1. Login ====  
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Login as a '''root''' user.
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Login as '''root''' user.
 
{{NotePre|text=login as: root
 
{{NotePre|text=login as: root
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
==== 2. Password Command ====
 
==== 2. Password Command ====
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Type a command '''passwd''' for password change of current user or '''passwd metel'''(user metel) for the different one and write new password after characters '''New password:'''.  
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Type the command '''passwd''' to change the password of the current user or '''passwd metel''' (user metel) for a different one, then write a new password after the characters '''New password:'''.  
  
 
{{NotePre|text=root@iplog:~# passwd
 
{{NotePre|text=root@iplog:~# passwd
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{{Tip|TipText=
 
{{Tip|TipText=
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The password should be minimum 8-12 characters long including special characters, digits, lower case alphabetic and more.
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The password should be a minimum of 8-12 characters long including special characters, digits, lower case alphabetic and more.
 
}}
 
}}
  
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==== 3. Retype the new password ====
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==== 3. Retype the New Password ====
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
Retype password:
 
Retype password:
Line 41: Line 41:
  
 
==== 4. Notification ====  
 
==== 4. Notification ====  
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Notification of Linux, the password was changed successfully.
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Notification from Linux, that password was changed successfully.
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
passwd: password for root changed by root
 
passwd: password for root changed by root
 
}}
 
}}
 +
  
  
  
 
== Create a New User ==
 
== Create a New User ==
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If you are signed in as the '''root''' user, you can create a new user without permissions limitations.
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If you are signed in as the '''root''' user, you can create a new user without permission limitations.
  
 
==== 1. Login ====  
 
==== 1. Login ====  
−
Login as a '''root''' user.
+
Login as '''root''' user.
 
{{NotePre|text=login as: root
 
{{NotePre|text=login as: root
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
==== 2. New User Command ====  
 
==== 2. New User Command ====  
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This command allows you add new user to the system, after '''adduser''' characters write the new user name (gama-example).
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The '''adduser''' command allows the addition of a new user to the system. After '''adduser''' characters write the new user name (gama-example).
 
{{NotePre|text=root@iplog:~# adduser gama
 
{{NotePre|text=root@iplog:~# adduser gama
 
}}
 
}}
  
 
==== 3. New User Password ====  
 
==== 3. New User Password ====  
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Write the password for new user account.
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Write the password for the new user account.
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
Changing password for gama
 
Changing password for gama
Line 68: Line 69:
 
}}
 
}}
  
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==== 4. Retype the new password ====
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==== 4. Retype the New Password ====
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
Retype password:
 
Retype password:
Line 74: Line 75:
  
 
==== 5. Notification ====  
 
==== 5. Notification ====  
−
Notification of Linux, the password was changed successfully.
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Notification from Linux, that the password was changed successfully.
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
passwd: password for gama changed by root
 
passwd: password for gama changed by root
Line 80: Line 81:
  
 
The adduser command created a user, a group, and a home directory for your user. Your new user is now ready for use! You can now log in using the password you set up.
 
The adduser command created a user, a group, and a home directory for your user. Your new user is now ready for use! You can now log in using the password you set up.
 +
  
  
  
 
== Reset User Password ==
 
== Reset User Password ==
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The '''User password''' is possible change via root account. [[Users Passwords#Change Password|Change password as root.]]
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The '''User password''' is possible to change via root account. [[Users Passwords#Change Password|Change password as root.]]
  
 
== Reset Root Password ==
 
== Reset Root Password ==
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Reset the password for '''root''' account is possible only of the '''Recovery mode'''. Mount the userfs files of common firmware image and delete the root password there.
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Reseting the password for '''root''' account is possible only in the '''Recovery mode'''. Mount the '''userfs''' files from the common firmware image and delete the root password there.
  
 
==== 1. Recovery ====
 
==== 1. Recovery ====
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[[Recovery mode|How to get to Recovery mode]]  
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[[Recovery mode|How to Get to Recovery Mode]]  
  
 +
==== 2. Mount Userfs ====
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Open the SSH connection via Putty, use the default IP address and login for root user.
 +
 +
Type the following commands:
 +
{{NotePre|text=
 +
1. root@iplog-recovery:~# ubiattach -p /dev/mtd8
 +
2. root@iplog-recovery:~# mount -t ubifs ubi1:userfs /mnt/userfs
 +
}}
 +
 +
Output Example:
 +
{{NotePre|text=
 +
root@iplog-recovery:~# ubiattach -p /dev/mtd8
 +
UBI device number 1, total 1020 LEBs (129515520 bytes, 123.5 MiB), available 152 LEBs (19300352 bytes, 18.4 MiB), LEB size 126976 bytes (124.0 KiB)
 +
root@iplog-recovery:~# mount -t ubifs ubi1:userfs /mnt/userfs
 +
root@iplog-recovery:~#
 +
}}
 +
 +
==== 3. Delete Encrypted Password ====
 +
Open the common image file '''/etc/shadow''' using text editor '''Vim'''.
 +
 +
{{NotePre|text=
 +
root@iplog-recovery:~# vi /mnt/userfs/etc/shadow
 +
}}
 +
 +
Edit the line for root user as seen below.
 +
 +
{{NotePre|text=
 +
root::10933:0:99999:7:::
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}}
 +
 +
{{Tip|TipText= <br/>
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Text editing - Hit the '''i''' (insert mode).<br/>
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Save and Exit - Write characters ''':wq''' (write and quit). The cursor will move to the bottom of the screen whenever a colon (:) is typed. This type of command is completed by hitting the '''Enter''' key. }}
 +
 +
==== 4. Device Reboot ====
 +
The device reboot is needed to close the recovery mode and run the common image.
 +
{{NotePre
 +
|text=root@iplog-recovery:~# reboot
 +
}}
 +
  
  
  
 
== List of Users ==
 
== List of Users ==
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A file '''/etc/shadow/''' contains all created permisions.
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A file '''/etc/shadow/''' contains all created permision.
 
{{NotePre|text=root@iplog:~# cat /etc/shadow
 
{{NotePre|text=root@iplog:~# cat /etc/shadow
 
}}
 
}}
  
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Example of default user list.
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Example of Default user list.
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
{{NotePre|text=
 
root@iplog:~# cat /etc/shadow
 
root@iplog:~# cat /etc/shadow

Latest revision as of 07:34, 1 July 2019

Permission or access rights can be specified between users and groups of users. This permission controls the ability of the users to view, change, navigate, and execute the contents of the file system.

Default Access Details

The IPLOG unit use the same access details (Username and Password) for the WEB and SSH (BASH) as well.


Username: root

Password: ...... Clean, the default is without password!


BASH

For remote connection IPLOG-GAMA supports SSH protocol or a local connection is possible via USB console.


Change Password

The root user has permission to create a new user, grant permission or change a password.

1. Login

Login as root user. 

login as: root

2. Password Command

Type the command passwd to change the password of the current user or passwd metel (user metel) for a different one, then write a new password after the characters New password:. 

root@iplog:~# passwd
Changing password for root
New password:

Tip: The password should be a minimum of 8-12 characters long including special characters, digits, lower case alphabetic and more.


3. Retype the New Password

Retype password:

4. Notification

Notification from Linux, that password was changed successfully. 

passwd: password for root changed by root



Create a New User

If you are signed in as the root user, you can create a new user without permission limitations.

1. Login

Login as root user. 

login as: root

2. New User Command

The adduser command allows the addition of a new user to the system. After adduser characters write the new user name (gama-example). 

root@iplog:~# adduser gama

3. New User Password

Write the password for the new user account. 

Changing password for gama
New password:

4. Retype the New Password

Retype password:

5. Notification

Notification from Linux, that the password was changed successfully. 

passwd: password for gama changed by root

The adduser command created a user, a group, and a home directory for your user. Your new user is now ready for use! You can now log in using the password you set up.



Reset User Password

The User password is possible to change via root account. Change password as root.

Reset Root Password

Reseting the password for root account is possible only in the Recovery mode. Mount the userfs files from the common firmware image and delete the root password there.

1. Recovery

How to Get to Recovery Mode

2. Mount Userfs

Open the SSH connection via Putty, use the default IP address and login for root user.

Type the following commands: 

1. root@iplog-recovery:~# ubiattach -p /dev/mtd8
2. root@iplog-recovery:~# mount -t ubifs ubi1:userfs /mnt/userfs

Output Example: 

root@iplog-recovery:~# ubiattach -p /dev/mtd8
UBI device number 1, total 1020 LEBs (129515520 bytes, 123.5 MiB), available 152 LEBs (19300352 bytes, 18.4 MiB), LEB size 126976 bytes (124.0 KiB)
root@iplog-recovery:~# mount -t ubifs ubi1:userfs /mnt/userfs
root@iplog-recovery:~#

3. Delete Encrypted Password

Open the common image file /etc/shadow using text editor Vim. 

root@iplog-recovery:~# vi /mnt/userfs/etc/shadow

Edit the line for root user as seen below. 

root::10933:0:99999:7:::

Tip:
Text editing - Hit the i (insert mode).
Save and Exit - Write characters :wq (write and quit). The cursor will move to the bottom of the screen whenever a colon (:) is typed. This type of command is completed by hitting the Enter key.


4. Device Reboot

The device reboot is needed to close the recovery mode and run the common image. 

root@iplog-recovery:~# reboot



List of Users

A file /etc/shadow/ contains all created permision. 

root@iplog:~# cat /etc/shadow

Example of Default user list. 

root@iplog:~# cat /etc/shadow
root::10933:0:99999:7:::
daemon:*:10933:0:99999:7:::
bin:*:10933:0:99999:7:::
sys:*:10933:0:99999:7:::
sync:*:10933:0:99999:7:::
mail:*:10933:0:99999:7:::
www-data:*:10933:0:99999:7:::
operator:*:10933:0:99999:7:::
nobody:*:10933:0:99999:7:::
metel:$1$dyS.UTOR$GE8nsEAN4OxJGD/g2uh1l.:::::::
sshd:*:::::::
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